By the time the first Ottoman postage stamp came out in 1863, the Middle East was enmeshed in an ever-tightening network of European communications, trade, finance, and naval power.
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Sultan Abdulaziz |
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Fu'ad Pasha |
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Ali Pasha |
Ali Pasha and Fu’ad Pasha were keeping Sultan Abdulaziz in the background as they implemented far-reaching reforms intended to revive the Empire’s flagging strength. Postal reforms in the Empire were thus part of the broader reformist effort (known as the Tanzimat).
© John Dunn.
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